Let’s start with the Present indefinite tense in Hindi
Contents
PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE IN HINDI
Definition / परिभाषा
English
The Present Simple Tense is used to talk about:
- things we do regularly
- habits and routines
- general facts and universal truths
- permanent situations
Hindi
वर्तमान साधारण काल का प्रयोग किया जाता है:
- रोज़ होने वाले कामों के लिए
- आदतों के लिए
- सामान्य या सार्वभौमिक सच्चाइयों के लिए
- स्थायी स्थितियों के लिए
Uses with Examples / प्रयोग और उदाहरण
Daily routine / Habits
English:
- I wake up at 6 a.m.
- She drinks tea every morning.
Hindi:
- मैं सुबह 6 बजे उठता हूँ।
- वह हर सुबह चाय पीती है।
General facts / Universal truth
English:
- The sun rises in the east.
- Water freezes at 0°C.
Hindi:
- सूरज पूरब से निकलता है।
- पानी 0°C पर जमता है।
Permanent situations
English:
- I live in Delhi.
- He works in a bank.
Hindi:
- मैं दिल्ली में रहता हूँ।
- वह बैंक में काम करता है।
Timetables & schedules
English:
- The train arrives at 9 a.m.
- School starts at 8 o’clock.
Hindi:
- ट्रेन 9 बजे आती है।
- स्कूल 8 बजे शुरू होता है।
Time Expressions Used
(समय बताने वाले शब्द)
English:
always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day, daily
Hindi:
हमेशा, अक्सर, कभी–कभी, कभी नहीं, रोज़
Types of Present Tense
The present tense is divided into four types:
- Present Indefinite/Simple Tense
- Present Continuous Tense
- Present Perfect Tense
- Present Perfect Continuous Tense
1. Present Simple Tense
Used for habits, daily routines, facts, and general truths.
Structure:
- Subject + base verb (+ s/es for he/she/it)+ rest of the sentence.
Examples:
- I play cricket.
- She reads books.
- The sun rises in the east.
Uses:
- Daily habits → He walks to school.
- Universal truths → Water boils at 100°C.
- Timetables → The train leaves at 6 a.m.
Sentence Structures / वाक्य रचना
- Affirmative Sentences
- (सकारात्मक वाक्य)
- Negative Sentences
- (नकारात्मक वाक्य)
- Interrogative Sentences
- (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य)
- Negative Interrogative
- (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक)
1. Affirmative (सकारात्मक वाक्य)
Formula
Subject + Verb (1st form) + s/es (with He/She/It) + Object
Examples
- I play football.
👉 मैं फुटबॉल खेलता हूँ। - She plays football.
👉 वह फुटबॉल खेलती है।
Note:
He / She / It के साथ verb में s / es लगता है।
2. Negative (नकारात्मक वाक्य)
Formula
Subject + do not / does not + Verb (1st form) + Object
Examples
- I do not play football.
👉 मैं फुटबॉल नहीं खेलता हूँ। - She does not play football.
👉 वह फुटबॉल नहीं खेलती है।
Note:
Negative में verb के साथ s / es नहीं लगता।
3. Interrogative (प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य)
Formula
Do / Does + Subject + Verb (1st form) + Object ?
Examples
- Do you play football?
👉 क्या तुम फुटबॉल खेलते हो? - Does she play football?
👉 क्या वह फुटबॉल खेलती है?
4. Negative Interrogative (नकारात्मक प्रश्नवाचक)
Formula
Do / Does + Subject + not + Verb (1st form) + Object ?
Examples
- Do you not play football?
👉 क्या तुम फुटबॉल नहीं खेलते हो? - Does she not play football?
👉 क्या वह फुटबॉल नहीं खेलती है?
FAQ:(Present Indefinite Tense in Hindi)
Q 1: What is the present simple tense?
A: It is a tense we use to talk about daily routines, habits, facts, and general truths.
Q 2: When do we use the present simple tense?
A: We use it for:
- daily activities (I go to school every day)
- habits (She drinks coffee in the morning)
- facts (Water boils at 100°C)
Q 3: How do we form the present simple tense?
A:
- I / You / We / They + base verb
- He / She / It + verb + s/es
Example:
- I play football.
- He plays football.
Q 4: How do we make negative sentences?
A: Use do not (don’t) or does not (doesn’t) + base verb.
Example:
- I don’t like milk.
- She doesn’t like milk.
Q 5: How do we ask questions in the present simple?
A: Use Do / Does + subject + base verb?
Example:
- Do you work on Sunday?
- Does he live here?
Q 6: Why do we add “s” to some verbs?
A: We add -s or -es when the subject is he, she, or it.
Example:
- She teaches English.
Q 7: What words are often used with the present simple?
A:
always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day/week/year
Q 8: Is the present simple used for actions happening now?
A: No. It is used for things that happen regularly, not for actions happening right now.
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